Mesopotamia+Five

Mesopotamia Five =**Mesopotamia** = **the Cradle of Civilizations**


 * ~ Table of Contents ||
 * First Part ||< Introduction ||
 * < Second Part ||< Climate and Geography ||
 * < Third Part ||< Adapting and Managing ||
 * < Fourth Part ||< Modern Lessons ||
 * Fifth Part || Video ||
 * < Sixth Part ||< Key Points ||
 * < Seventh Part ||< <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Bibliography ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Introduction** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;"> Mesopotamia is a place above the Persian Gulf and between the two rivers Euphrates and Tigris and was once a flourishing land. Mesopotamia also had different regions with its unique features. The regions affected how they lived a lot. They existed a long time ago about 3500 B.C or the Bronze Age and is widely believed to be one of the first civilizations ever. They were one of the many ancient civilizations like Egypt and Greece, but this place is in the bible. It is also in the Fertile Crescent and a good place for man to farm and that is why they got so powerful. It had empires like Sumer which came first, Akkadian which came soon, and Babylonian which came later and Assyrian which came last, though it was the Sumerians who established the world’s first civilizations around 3500 B.C. Then they began to evolve into true cities. Yep, that’s right. This isn't a state this is a city. Cities developed along the rivers and they irrigate the land or dam water for the land in order to grow to their crops. Now you must be thinking farming isn’t going to get them much of a living, but of course there are neighbours to help them during times of trouble. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Climate and Geography** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The climate and geography is like this: When settlers came across Mesopotamia, they immediately wanted to settle in for a couple of reasons. Farming here is good though this place is semi-arid so it is dry. Northern Mesopotamia is mostly hills and plains which are fertile from the rivers which flow from the mountains. It also has seasonal rain which is quite useful. The people here mostly farmed the land and gathered timber, metals and stones from the mountains nearby for a living. Southern Mesopotamia is different from Northern Mesopotamia for it is marshy with much wide flat barren plain though they did do most of the things the Northern Mesopotamia people did like farm. Temperatures also rise over 110 degrees Fahrenheit and have little rainfall though storms will blow in to cool things down. Some problems they have are the two rivers flooding anytime they are least expecting it to. The flooding is due to the first eight month of dryness which are cause by temperature and Turning Tigris and Euphrates into muddy e ddies of sluggish brown. Winter is rainy and right after, the snow in the mountains melt and this causes floods. The floods are irregular unlike the Nile so they don't trust these two rivers.

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<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">** Adapting and Managing ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Adapting in to this kind of climate can be tough and this is the Fertile Crescent. So they learnt how to irrigate the land so they have water and they knew how to dam water to grow their crops and keep their livestock well. This place had a lot of natural wildlife and vegetation to keep them going and resources like clay from the banks of the rivers and wood form the trees in the mountains. These people grew imported crops and they are mostly wheat, barley, dates, cucumbers, onions, apples, and spices without much rainfall so a way to get water is important. One of the ways is irrigation. Canals are dug redirecting water from usually Euphrates for it is calmer and probably not Tigris which is rough, to the fields which they shall use for their farms. Regulators shall then be used to raise and lower the level of water. Farmers only get a limited supply to use so they must use it when provided. Usually just like you would expect the eldest would do the work if your dad isn’t around. Of course your male siblings are also expected to do so if you have any, but the oldest is usually in charge. Also they needed to flood the fields with the irrigation ditches, plough it with your cows and plough it to break the soil up, harrow it so that means rake it and make it smooth and level, sow it and put seeds in, water it three times, then finally harvest it with others when it is ready. They also of course raised livestock such as sheep, goats, pigs and cows, but they had a variety of wild game such as birds, fish, deer and they also had eggs, cheese and other animal products. They also learnt to do other things like crafting and The Sumerians invented the wheel, sailboat, the first written language, divided time into a twelve month calendar and many other items such as glass, water clock, frying pans, razors, cosmetic sets so make up, pipes, harps, kilns, and the plough. There are many other things they had invented, but all of them are basic and are the first tools ever used in life. They also made homes good for their environment. So nobody lived in huts in this climate and everyone lived in mud houses because of the dry climate and mud is more accessible. What I mean by big is that though all houses are three stories high, big means taller than that or wider. Homes cluttered around a Ziggurat and each other and houses sometimes can be townhouses like these days. Houses are made out of sundried bricks of mud with doors leading to the small family courtyard which is where the kids play and the visitor enjoys himself in like gardens which people have. The courtyard leads to the second floor than the next and finally the roof. Roofs are flat and if the weather permits this, they sleep and cook on top. Some have roofs with walls to give a sense of privacy and some had grape arbores. They are probably some kind of wall made out of grapes and the plant itself. These walls help the people by providing shade, food and privacy.

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<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">** Modern Lessons ** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Now we are far ahead of their time and more advanced, but how did they affect us? That is simple. What do we see every day we walk out? Yes, we see many things, but do you see a circular object which rotates and spins when it moves? Exactly it is the wheel! The wheel is really important like their other inventions, but we had many more benefits from the wheel by being able to move around faster and easier than before. Also In our daily life the wheel helped us as transportation (cars), power (windmills), entertainment (CDs), and many more. So wheels are really important to daily life to everyone just like all other inventions they made. Second they had invented writing that is so important it is what we do every day. We have to write everyday and writing helps communicate around the world. It can help spread news, write a letter to someone, agreements are signed, teaching others, or just simply to for fun like stories. Writing is the most important of all for sure. Now the bad thing that did influence us for a long time was how they dominated women. Even though people are still sexist these days I guess, but men overpowered women this way: Men are stronger than women therefore men took control with brute force so men who are usually the warriors made decisions for the whole city and the king or the warrior elected to be the king is of course male, but he is the best warrior. Sumerians also made men more powerful than women and only let the women be in control if there is no other male which can take up the responsibility to lead. Even when it comes to family, so the son even overpowers the mother if the dad is dead. Women in the law has no protection and help so they are pretty much like slaves which aren't used, but free ones with no power. Though they can do what ever they like as long as it isn't really affecting a men's life. That sure is sexist and it shouldn't belong.

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<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Video**

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Key points
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Introduction <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Climate and Geography <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Adapting and Managing <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Modern lessons
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Mesopotamia is above the Persian Gulf and between the Euphrates and Tigris River
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">It existed in 3500 B.C. or in the Bronze Age.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">One of the first civilizations.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">It had empires like Sumer, Akkadian, and Babylonian and Assyrian
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Mesopotamia is a state and had cities.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">It's in the Fertile Crescent
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">It is semi-arid and dry
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The two regions, Northern Mesopotamia and Southern Mesopotamia
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Northern Mesopotamia is mostly hills and plains which are fertile from the rivers which flow from the mountains. It also has seasonal rain which is quite useful. The people here mostly farmed the land and gathered timber, metals and stones from the mountains nearby for a living.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Southern Mesopotamia is different from Northern Mesopotamia for it is marshy with much wide flat barren plain though they did do most of the things the Northern Mesopotamia people did like farm.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Temperatures also rise over 110 degrees Fahrenheit and have little rainfall though storms will blow in to cool things down. Some problems they have are the two rivers flooding anytime they are least expecting it to.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Irrigation to manage their farms and stay healthy.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Farming to help adapt and manage
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Inventions to help manage
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Homes for their type of climate
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Tigris is like a tiger
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Euphrates is calmer
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Wheel is important
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Writing is too
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Their behaviour to women is very bad

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Bibliography <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__Information__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">" Ancient Mesopotamia for Kids" Mr.Donn <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Mesopotamia (Wikipedia) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Britsh Museum <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Collapse of mesopotaimia <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Ancient Mesopotamia <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Mesopotamia Mr. Dowling <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Mesopotamia and Technology <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Sumerians: Class, Power, War and Women <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">II Mesopotamia <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">EARLY MESOPOTAMIA <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__Other people__ <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 24px;">Liam & Connor - Egypt <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 24px;">Fin & Jerry - Mesopotamia <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Ariel & Mark - Greece <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__Pictures__ <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Geoff's Western Civilization Final <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">History and Culture of South-West Asia <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">SUMERIAN LANGUAGE <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Curiosity and Problem-Makers... <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__Videos__ <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Civilisations- Mesopotamia 1/6